URL in HTML

URL Kya Hota Hai?

A URL in HTML is used to locate resources on the internet.URL ka full form hai Uniform Resource Locator. Simple words me bole to URL matlab web address.

Example:

• https://www.google.com
• 192.168.20.50 (IP address)

Log normally website ka naam type karte hain kyunki naam yaad rakhna easy hota hai numbers se.

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Structure of a URL in HTML

Ek URL ka format kuch aisa hota hai:

Example:

Iska Breakdown Samjho:

• scheme → Internet service type (http ya https)
• prefix → Usually www
• domain → Website ka naam (example.com)
• port → Server ka port number (default http ke liye 80)
• path → Server ke andar ka folder location (/blog/)
• filename → File ka naam (index.html)

Common URL Schemes

1. http → Normal web pages (not secure)
2. https → Secure web pages (encrypted)
3. ftp → Files upload/download karne ke liye
4. file → Apne computer ki file access karne ke liye

Example:

• http://example.com
• https://secure-site.com
• ftp://fileserver.com

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URL Encoding Kya Hota Hai?

Internet sirf ASCII character set ko directly send kar sakta hai.
Agar URL me special ya non-ASCII characters hote hain, to unhe convert karna padta hai. Is process ko URL Encoding kehte hain.

Kaise Kaam Karta Hai?

• Special characters ko % ke saath hexadecimal value me convert kiya jata hai.
• Space ko normally + ya %20 se replace kiya jata hai.

Example:

Agar text hai: Hello Günter, toh browser isko encode karega kyunki “ü” normal ASCII me nahi hai.

Example conversions:

• Space → %20
• € → %E2%82%AC (UTF-8 me)
• £ → %C2%A3

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Understanding URL in HTML helps developers link web resources properly.