HTML Introduction

HTML web pages banane ke liye standard markup language hai.

What is HTML?

HTML ka full form Hyper Text Markup Language hai
HTML web pages banane ke liye standard markup language hai
HTML web page ki structure batata hai
HTML elements ki series se milkar bana hota hai
HTML elements browser ko batate hain ki content kaise display karna hai
HTML elements content ko label karte hain jaise: “yeh ek heading hai”, “yeh ek paragraph hai”, “yeh ek link hai”

Ek Simple HTML Document

Example:

Example Explained

<!DOCTYPE html> → Yeh batata hai ki yeh document HTML5 hai.
<html> → Yeh poore HTML page ka root element hai.
<head> → Isme page ke baare mein information hoti hai (meta info).
<title> → Yeh page ka title set karta hai jo browser ke tab mein dikhai deta hai.
<body> → Isme saara visible content hota hai jaise headings, paragraphs, images, links, tables, lists, etc.
<h1> → Yeh ek badi heading define karta hai.
<p> → Yeh ek paragraph define karta hai.

HTML Element kya hai?

HTML element start tag, content aur end tag se milkar banta hai.

<tagname> Apka Content idhar </tagname>

HTML element start tag se end tag tak ka poora part hota hai.

<h1> Mera First Heading </h1>

<p> Mera First Paragraph.. </p>

Start Tag	Element content	End Tag
<h1>	Mera First Heading	</h1>
<p>	Mera First Paragraph	</p>
<br>	none	none

Note: Kuch HTML elements ke paas content nahi hote (jaise ki <br> element). Iss type of elements ko empty elements bolte hai. Empty elements ke paas end tag nahi hote.

Web Browser

Web browser ka kaam hai HTML document ko padhna aur use sahi tarike se display karna. Browser HTML tags ko directly nahi dikhata, balki unka use karke decide karta hai ki content kaise show hoga.

HTML Page Structure:

<html>

<head>

<title> Page Title </title>

</head>

<body>

<h1> Yeh ek Heading hai </h1>

<p> Yeh ek paragraph hai </p>

<p> Yeh dusra paragraph hai </p>

</body>

</html>

Note: <body> section ke andar jo content hota hai woh browser me display hota hai. <title> element ke andar jo content hota hai woh browser ke title bar ya page ke tab me dikhai deta hai.

HTML History

World Wide Web ke starting days se hi HTML ke bahut saare versions aaye hain. HTML ki timeline aur versions niche table mein listed hain.

Year	Version
1989	Tim Berners-Lee invented www
1991	Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML
1993	Dave Raggett drafted HTML+
1995	HTML Working Group defined HTML 2.0
1997	W3C Recommendation: HTML 3.2
1999	W3C Recommendation: HTML 4.01
2000	W3C Recommendation: XHTML 1.0
2008	WHATWG HTML5 First Public Draft
2012	WHATWG HTML5 Living Standard
2014	W3C Recommendation: HTML5
2016	W3C Candidate Recommendation: HTML 5.1
2017	W3C Recommendation: HTML5.1 2nd Edition
2017	W3C Recommendation: HTML5.2